By Chandra notation on a piece of the sky for more than six weeks ago, astronomers on what is known as deep South field Chandra (CDFS). When combined with photographs and infrared very deep "Hubble space" for NASA, allowing new data Chandra astronomers to search for black holes in galaxies away 200 when the universe between 800 million and 950 million years.
"We had reason to expect that black holes exist in the first of many galaxies, but dodged us looking so far. When comparing data Chandra for my theoretical models and I was stunned by their agreement. They dream of any landscape, "Marta volonteri, Professor m u in astronomy, and co-author of the study that appears in nature this week.
Growth brought means that black holes in Galactic, CDFS are very luminous, rare objects by material falling into black holes sobirmasivi. However, sources in the light of approximately 100 times CDFS, huge and black holes about 1,000 times less than those in Hungarian.
It was found that between 30 per cent and 100 per cent of remote galaxies containing black holes cultivation sobirmasivi. Extrapolation of the results of a small observation to full sky, there are black holes sobirmasivi at least 30 million people in the early universe. This is more of the estimated 10,000 Hungarian in the early universe.
"Looks like we found a whole new population of black holes," co-author Kevin shaoinski of Yale University. "We believe that these kids will grow at a rate of about one hundred or one thousand, eventually becoming like giant black holes that we see today about 13 billion years."
Predicted population of baby black holes in the early universe but noted didn't. Detailed calculations show that the total amount of black hole growth observed by the Panel about 100 times higher than past estimates.
"So far, we had no idea what the black holes in these early galaxies — or if they are even" Ezequiel trister said from the University of Hawaii, lead author of the study. "Now we know they're there, and they grow like gangbusters."
Because these black holes almost every child anshrodid in the cloud of dust and gas, optical telescopes and often cannot be detected. However, high energies can penetrate x-ray light barriers, allowing black holes within the study.
Two critical issues in black hole physics is how formed black holes first and how to grow sobirmasivi. Although the create directory for parallel growth of black holes and galaxies at distances closer, new results show that begins this Chandra connect earlier than previously thought, and maybe a parent alike.
"Most contemporary astronomers in the universe, black holes and galaxies symbiotic in how to grow," said Priya Natarajan participants from Yale University. "We have demonstrated that this relationship kodibindint has existed since the very early ages.
It has been suggested that early black holes will play an important role in removing cosmic fog hydrogen (without charge) neutral in the early universe when temperatures cooled down after the big bang. However, a study shows that dust covers Chandra and gas block ultraviolet radiation generated by black holes from travel abroad do so "rionizishn". Therefore, not growing black holes and stars might have cleared this cosmic dawn fog.
Chandra is able to detect very faint objects at great distances, but even these are masked can escape from black holes are relatively few photons, then it could not be identified separately on. Instead, technical team uses depend on the ability of Chandra very accurately determine the direction in which the x-rays to add all x-rays near distant galaxies sites and found a statistically significant.
Co-author of another nature paper is Eric gaoisir from Rutgers University in New Jersey.
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Michigan.
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